|
|
Study of biological effects of some plant materials
Drabíková, Nela ; Byrtusová, Dana (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the preparation of aqueous, ethanolic and hexane extracts obtained from plant sources with increased content of oil, their characterization and cytotoxicity testing. In the theoretical part, a review focused on basic information about the used plants and their effects on the human body was elaborated. Furthermore, the active ingredients of the extracts, methods of their determination and the principle of the cytotoxicity test were described. In practical part the content of polyphenols and flavonoids was determined spectrophotometrically. Further, total antioxidant activity was measured. The fatty acids composition and the percentage of individual fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. Next, MTT cytotoxicity assay was performed using human cell culture to confirm the safety of extracts for potential use in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
|
|
|
Rosehip – the source of natural compounds
Motúzová, Eliška ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Veselá, Mária (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor thesis was to study the antimicrobial activity of various extracts of rosehip tea. As well as to determinate concentration of biologically active compounds, polyfenols and flavonoids, and antioxidant activity in these teas. Teoretical part describes basic information about Rosa canina, general classification of tea, summary of biologically active compounds and basic methods of extraction. Practical part is focused on determination of anioxidant acivity, comcentration of polyfenols and flavonoids in tea extracts and detection of animicrobial activity of these extracts against bacterial strains Serratia marcescens and Micrococcus luteus. The results of this theasis show that aqueous extracts of rosehips tea are animicrobialy active. It was also found, that these extracts have hight contents of polyphenols and flavonoids.
|
|
|
Analysis of active substances contained in lavender and thyme extracts
Vašíčková, Milada ; Vysoká, Marie (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis is focued on active substances contained in lavandula officinalis and common thyme extracts, mainly their possible antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. The theoretical part desrcibes chosen plants, compounds with antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, methods how to obtain and identify said compounds. In the experimental part, aquenous, ethanolic and oil extracts were prepared. Mentioned extracts were spectrophotometrically characterised for total content of polyphenols, total content of flavonoids and antioxidant activity. In conclusion possible applications of extracts in food industry instead of synthetic preservatives and their fotification were discussed.
|
|
|
Characterization and application of some plant antimicrobial substances
Bendová, Agáta ; Bokrová, Jitka (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The main goal of this bachelor thesis was the study of antioxidant and antibacterial effects of natural plant extracts and liposomes. The theoretical part was focused on description of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant substances from selected herbs and spices. Also bacterial resistance and methods used in work were described. In the experimental part basic characteristics of extracts from 12 kinds of herbs and spices (oil, alcohol and aqueous) were analyzed. Mainly content of polyphenols, flavonoids and the total antioxidant activity were determined. All extracts were also encapsulated into liposomes and the encapsulation effectivity, long-term stability and size and stability of liposomes were determined. The size of prepared liposomes was in range of 100 nm to 200 nm. Stability of the liposome particles was measured using a zeta potential and all prepared particles exhibited very good stability, but in term of long term stability were liposomes relatively unstable. Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive Micrococcus luteus and Gram-negative Serratia marcescens. Encapsulation of extracts into liposome particles has greatly increased their antimicrobial effect and liposomes containing oil extracts from the goat, nutmeg and pepper and liposomes containing alcoholic extracts from star anise and cloves were the most effective against both strains. The prepared liposomes could be used as alternative to antibiotics and could be found application in the form of various antimicrobial gels for the cosmetic or pharmaceutical industry.
|
|
|
Preparation of antimicrobial gels with plant extract and oils
Benešová, Markéta ; Hoová, Julie (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
This bachelor thesis was focused on studying antimicrobial effects of natural plant extracts and their subsequent application. The research was mainly focused on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and liposomal particles with their contents. Theoretical part of thesis was focused on the topic of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant substances, problems with bacterial resistance as well as describing features and attributes of used herbs, and characterization of gels and liposomes. Within the experimental part of thesis, three types of extracts (aquatic, ethanol and oil), prepared from 10 different types of plants, were described. The content of phenolic, flavonoid substances, also antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were then determined. After that, the contents of all extracts were encapsulated into liposomes, and size, stability, encapsulation activity, also antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of those liposomes were determined. The size distribution was wide, but in terms of the measured zeta potential, most of the particles were stable. All prepared extracts and liposomes containing them were tested for their antimicrobial activity. The tests were performed on a gram-positive genus of Micrococcus luteus and a gram-negative type of Serratia marcescens. The most effective oil extracts against both species were eucalyptus and fir, as well as oil extract of cloves, along with aqueous extracts of mustard seeds, cloves and juniper, or ethanol extract of anise which also has high antimicrobial effects. Finally, these extracts and liposomes were applied into the gels, which could be found useful in the pharmaceutical industry, as an alternative to externally used antibiotics, or in the cosmetic industry.
|
|
|
Antimicrobial effect of plant extracts
Konderla, Patrik ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Veselá, Mária (advisor)
The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to research the possible antimicrobial activity of various extracts of rosehip tea and also determine the antioxidant activity and the concentration of biologically active compounds (polyphenols and flavonoids) in these tea. Teoretical part describes basic information about plant Rosa canina and chemical composition of rosehips, summary of the natural biologically active compounds and general classification of tea. The practical part is focused on detection of antimicrobial activity of tea extracts against bacterial strains Serratia marcescens and Bacillus subtilis as well as spectrophotometrical determination of concentration polyphenols, flavonoids and overall antioxidant activity of these extracts. From the results flow the testing aqueous extracts rosehips tea analysed antimicrobial effects. Also was found, that these extracts has high content of polyphenols and flavonoids.
|
|
|
Preparation of bioactive wound dressings and testing their interaction with human cells
Bendová, Agáta ; Márová, Ivana (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
The thesis was focused on the preparation and optimization of the preparation of wound dressing from materials with bioactive ingredients. In this work were prepared nanofiber dressings based on polyhydroxybutyrate and non-fibrous dressings from alginate and chitosan. Nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and forcespinning methods. The bioactive components, which were used to functionalize the prepared dressings, were plant extracts, clotrimazole, ampicillin, lysozyme, and proteolytic enzymes. The theoretical part is focused on the description of the use of nanofibrous and non-fibrous materials in medicine, characterization of materials for the production of wound dressings and bioactive components. Furthermore, this section describes the methods used to prepare and characterize wound dressings. In the practical part were prepared aqueous and oil extracts from selected plants. Extracts were characterized for polyphenols content and antioxidant activity. PHB-based nanofibers were prepared using electrospinning and forcepinning methods. Nanofibers were enriched with selected plant oil extracts and clotrimazol. Modified nanofibres were detemined for antioxidant activity, short-term and long-term stability. Non-fibrous wound dressings were prepared from alginate and chitosan. These dressings were functionalized by the addition of selected aqueous extracts, ampicillin, lysozyme, papain, bromelain, and collagenase. Non-fibrous wound dressings were determined for antioxidant activity, short-term stability and proteolytic activity. The prepared wound dressings were tested for their antimicrobial effects on cultures of Micrococcus luteus, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, successfully prepared bioactive wound dressings with antioxidant and antimicrobial agents were tested for safety on human cells. The determination was performed using the MTT cytotoxicity test on human keratinocytes.
|
|
|
Application of natural antibiotics components in hygienic gels
Kubišová, Veronika ; Pavelková, Renata (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
This bachelor thesis was focused on the preparation and characterization of gels containing a natural component exhibiting an antifungal effect. A part of this work was the research, which was focused on the description of superficial and systemic fungal diseases, antifungal drugs and plant products with a potential antifungal effect. Moreover, biologically active substances found in selected plants was described. Liposome particles that were part of the experimental part were also described and characterized. Considering the subject of this thesis was the preparation of antifungal gel, the basic characteristics of gels such as their drug delivery systems were described. Descriptions of basic methods for the determination of active substances and antifungal activity were not omitted. In the experimental part, three types of extracts (aqueous, ethanolic and lipidic) were prepared from selected plants, which were subsequntly characterized. Also, all kinds of prepared extracts were encapsulated into liposome particles, in which encapsulation efficiency, size and stability by electrokinetic potential were subsequently determined. Prepared extracts in free and encapsulated form were tested for antifungal activity, when testing was performed on Candida glabrata yeast. Moreover, the antimycotic effect of these natural substances was compared with a commercially available antifungal drug, where the drug was also tested in free and encapsulated form. Extracts in which higher active compound content and higher percent inhibitory activity of C. glabrata cells were determined were selected for incorporation into the prepared gels. The result of this work are natural-based gels that could be used to treat infectious fungal diseases. An example of a prepared gel is a gel containing a lipidic extract of marigold or containing liposomes prepared from a lipidic extract of elm pincushion.
|
|
|
Application of natural antibiotics components in hygienic gels
Kubišová, Veronika ; Pavelková, Renata (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
This bachelor thesis was focused on the preparation and characterization of gels containing a natural component exhibiting an antifungal effect. A part of this work was the research, which was focused on the description of superficial and systemic fungal diseases, antifungal drugs and plant products with a potential antifungal effect. Moreover, biologically active substances found in selected plants was described. Liposome particles that were part of the experimental part were also described and characterized. Considering the subject of this thesis was the preparation of antifungal gel, the basic characteristics of gels such as their drug delivery systems were described. Descriptions of basic methods for the determination of active substances and antifungal activity were not omitted. In the experimental part, three types of extracts (aqueous, ethanolic and lipidic) were prepared from selected plants, which were subsequntly characterized. Also, all kinds of prepared extracts were encapsulated into liposome particles, in which encapsulation efficiency, size and stability by electrokinetic potential were subsequently determined. Prepared extracts in free and encapsulated form were tested for antifungal activity, when testing was performed on Candida glabrata yeast. Moreover, the antimycotic effect of these natural substances was compared with a commercially available antifungal drug, where the drug was also tested in free and encapsulated form. Extracts in which higher active compound content and higher percent inhibitory activity of C. glabrata cells were determined were selected for incorporation into the prepared gels. The result of this work are natural-based gels that could be used to treat infectious fungal diseases. An example of a prepared gel is a gel containing a lipidic extract of marigold or containing liposomes prepared from a lipidic extract of elm pincushion.
|
|
|
Preparation of antimicrobial gels with plant extract and oils
Benešová, Markéta ; Hoová, Julie (referee) ; Skoumalová, Petra (advisor)
This bachelor thesis was focused on studying antimicrobial effects of natural plant extracts and their subsequent application. The research was mainly focused on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and liposomal particles with their contents. Theoretical part of thesis was focused on the topic of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant substances, problems with bacterial resistance as well as describing features and attributes of used herbs, and characterization of gels and liposomes. Within the experimental part of thesis, three types of extracts (aquatic, ethanol and oil), prepared from 10 different types of plants, were described. The content of phenolic, flavonoid substances, also antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were then determined. After that, the contents of all extracts were encapsulated into liposomes, and size, stability, encapsulation activity, also antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of those liposomes were determined. The size distribution was wide, but in terms of the measured zeta potential, most of the particles were stable. All prepared extracts and liposomes containing them were tested for their antimicrobial activity. The tests were performed on a gram-positive genus of Micrococcus luteus and a gram-negative type of Serratia marcescens. The most effective oil extracts against both species were eucalyptus and fir, as well as oil extract of cloves, along with aqueous extracts of mustard seeds, cloves and juniper, or ethanol extract of anise which also has high antimicrobial effects. Finally, these extracts and liposomes were applied into the gels, which could be found useful in the pharmaceutical industry, as an alternative to externally used antibiotics, or in the cosmetic industry.
|
guest ::
